Oral sildenafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in diabetic men: A randomized double-blind and placebo-controlled study

Sildenafil should not be taken while you are using certain other medicines. Before taking sildenafil, tell your healthcare provider about any prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, vitamins/minerals, herbal products, and other supplements you are using.

Medical uses

You may be at higher risk for this if you take a blood thinner medicine. Tell your healthcare provider if you get nosebleeds often while taking sildenafil. If your nosebleed is severe or will not stop after applying pressure, get help right away. People who are allergic to any of the following should not take sildenafil. Any of the ingredients in the specific product dispensed Your pharmacist can tell you all of the ingredients in the specific sildenafil products they stock. See the Interactions section for more details.

Parameter	Description	Typical Value	Notes
Absorption Rate	How quickly sildenafil enters bloodstream	Rapid	Peaks in 30-120 minutes
Bioavailability	Percentage of dose reaching systemic circulation	~40%	Affected by food intake
Half-life	Time for plasma concentration to reduce by half	3-5 hours	Determines dosing frequency
Peak Plasma Concentration	Maximum concentration after dose	1 hour	Influenced by gastric emptying and food intake

Do not take sildenafil unless it has been prescribed to you by a healthcare provider.

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Do not share sildenafil with other people, even if they have the same condition as you.

Adverse effects

); the Department of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, and the Male Clinic, Santa Monica, Calif. (H.P.-N.); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, N.J. ); the Department of Urology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.D.S. Select the format you want to export the citation of this publication. Multi-view semi-supervised adversarial attention network for drug repurposing, Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 282, (109406), (2026).

Jet lag research

Multi‐Target Mechanisms of Moroccan Aphrodisiac Plants: An Integrative Computational and Phytochemical Investigation, Food Science & Nutrition, 14, 5, (2026). Artificial intelligence in drug research and development: a review of methods and applications in drug repurposing, Briefings in Bioinformatics, 27, 3, (2026). Endocrine-metabolic crosstalk in erectile dysfunction: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications, International Journal of Impotence Research, (2026). Therapeutic applications of phosphodiesterase inhibitors in male reproductive health: narrative review, Sexual Medicine Reviews, 14, 2, (2026). Oral suspension versus tablet sildenafil for erectile dysfunction: a prospective multicenter comparative study on patient satisfaction, International Journal of Impotence Research, (2026). Keep sildenafil out of the reach of children. If you keep sildenafil oral liquid in a refrigerator, make sure to keep it away from children who also use the refrigerator. Sexual activity can put extra strain on your heart, which may be unsafe for people with certain health problems, such as a recent heart attack. Talk to your healthcare provider to see if your heart is strong enough for sex. If you feel chest pain, dizziness, or nausea during sex, stop and contact your healthcare provider right away. Sildenafil does not protect against sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. Sildenafil belongs to a group of medicines, known as phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors, which are used to treat erectile dysfunction or pulmonary arterial hypertension. You should not take more than one PDE-5 inhibitor medicine.

• The medication may cause a sudden decrease in blood pressure in some users.
• Use sildenafil cautiously if you are also taking blood pressure medications.
• Do not share your medication with others to prevent misuse.

Medicines in this group include avanafil (Stendra), sildenafil (Viagra, Revatio, and others), tadalafil (Cialis and others), and vardenafil (Levitra, Staxyn). Use an accurate measuring device to measure your dose of sildenafil oral liquid. A household spoon is not an accurate measuring device and may cause you to take the wrong dose.

Related/similar drugs

10 mg/mL powder for oral suspension 20 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg oral tablets Sildenafil is also available in an injectable form that is usually given by a healthcare provider in a hospital or clinic. Sildenafil oral tablets should be stored at room temperature, between 68 F to 77 F (20 C to 25 C). It can be exposed to temperatures between 59 F to 86 F (15 C to 30 C) for shorter periods of time, such as when transporting it. Sildenafil oral liquid should be stored at room temperature below 86 F (30 C) or in the refrigerator, between 36 F to 46 F (2 C to 8 C). Throw away any remaining liquid 60 days after it has been mixed for you by a pharmacist or healthcare professional.

Sildenafil, a novel effective oral therapy for male erectile dysfunction

Sildenafil injection is usually given by a healthcare provider in a hospital or clinic. You will not sildenafil 25mg tablets store it at home. The most common side effects of sildenafil are listed below. These side effects may vary depending on the condition that is being treated. Tell your healthcare provider if you have any of these side effects that bother you. Ask your pharmacist to recommend an appropriate measuring device.

Implications of the review for practice and research

Low‐intensity shockwave therapy for erectile dysfunction: An abridged Cochrane review, BJU International, 137, 6, (949-957), (2026). Current state of the problem, Andrology and Genital Surgery, 25, 4, (33-40), (2026). Emerging Trends and Research Focus in Erectile Dysfunction Treatment: A 1993–2023 Bibliometric Analysis, Andrologia, 2026, 1, (2026). Sildenafil is commonly used for the following conditions. Erectile dysfunction, a condition where you have trouble getting or keeping an erection Pulmonary arterial hypertension, a condition where you have high blood pressure in the blood vessels that carry blood from your heart to your lungs Sildenafil may also be used for other conditions as determined by your healthcare provider.

Patient resources

Sildenafil works by blocking an enzyme in the body called PDE5, which helps relax certain blood vessels. For erectile dysfunction, it increases blood flow to the penis when aroused. This makes it easier to get and keep an erection. For pulmonary arterial hypertension, sildenafil relaxes the blood vessels in the lungs. This lowers blood pressure and reduces strain on the heart. Tell your healthcare provider about all of your health conditions and any prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, vitamins/minerals, herbal products, and other supplements you are using.

This article is cited by

The role of nitric oxide in the physiology of erection. Sildenafil: an orally active type 5 cyclic GMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor for the treatment of penile erectile dysfunction. Sildenafil, a novel effective oral therapy for male erectile dysfunction. Br J Urol 1996;78:257-261 Rosen, RC, Riley, A, Wagner, G, Osterloh, IH, Kirkpatrick, J, Mishra, A. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF): a multidimensional scale for assessment of erectile dysfunction.

Diabetes-related impotence in the elderly

Riley, AJ, Athanasiadis, L. Impotence and its non-surgical management. Br J Clin Pract 1997;51:99-103 Any commercial reuse of NEJM Group content requires permission. From the Department of Urology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston (I.G. ); the Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco (T.F.L. This will help them determine if sildenafil is right for you.

• Sildenafil is used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension.
• It belongs to the class of phosphodiesterase inhibitors.
• Oral sildenafil should be taken about 30-60 minutes before activity.

In particular, make sure that you discuss any of the following.

• Sildenafil is available by prescription only in most countries.
• The medication comes in various dosages, typically 25mg, 50mg, and 100mg.
• Adjust dosage as directed by your healthcare provider.

Tell your healthcare provider if you have any of the following.

Other uses for this medicine

Erection lasting for more than four hours Erection that is unrelated to sexual stimulation Sildenafil can cause mild, temporary vision changes such as seeing a blue tint, abnormal colors, blurry vision, or sensitivity to light. Though rare, some people have reported permanent vision loss. Stop taking sildenafil and get help right away if you have sudden vision loss in one or both eyes. Sudden hearing loss has been reported after taking sildenafil. This may occur along with dizziness and ringing in the ears.

Marketing and sales

Stop taking sildenafil and get help right away if you have sudden hearing loss or suddenly have trouble hearing as well as usual. Sildenafil may cause a mild and temporary drop in blood pressure. You may be at a higher risk if you have certain health conditions or take blood pressure medicines. If you feel faint or dizzy, lie down. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you have any of the following symptoms of low blood pressure. Heart problems, such as heart rhythm problems, chest pain, or heart failure Heart attack, stroke, or heart surgery within the past six months High blood pressure that is still too high despite taking medicines for it Peyronie's disease, or a penis with an abnormal curve or shape An erection lasting longer than four hours A blood disorder, such as sickle cell anemia An inherited eye disease called retinitis pigmentosa Vision loss, or a problem with the nerve between your eyes and brain (optic nerve) Health conditions or factors that raise the risk of optic nerve problems, such as diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking, being older than 50, or having a “crowded disc,” which is something an eye doctor may see in an eye exam Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, a condition where blood vessels in the lungs are blocked It is not known if or how sildenafil could affect pregnancy or harm an unborn baby. Tell your healthcare provider if you are or plan to become pregnant. Tell your healthcare provider if you are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. Your healthcare provider will advise you if you should take sildenafil while breastfeeding.

Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE): Quality-assessed Reviews [Internet].

Pain in your muscles, back, arms, or legs There may be other side effects of sildenafil that are not listed here. Contact your healthcare provider if you think you are having a side effect of a medicine. In the U.S., you can report side effects to the FDA at or by calling 800-FDA-1088. In Canada, you can report side effects to Health Canada at or by calling 866-234-2345. While less common, the most serious side effects of sildenafil are described below, along with what to do if they happen.

Statistical Analysis

Sildenafil may cause allergic reactions, which can be serious. Stop taking sildenafil and get help right away if you have any of the following symptoms of a serious allergic reaction. Swelling of the face, lips, mouth, tongue, or throat Itching, skin rash, or pale red bumps on the skin called hives Sildenafil may cause an unwanted erection that is persistent, painful, and that may occur without sexual arousal. Permanent damage to the penis may occur if priapism is not treated quickly. Stop taking sildenafil and get emergency help if you have any of the following symptoms of priapism.